Posted in Antibodies, Culture Cells, DNA, Particles, PCR, Recombinant Proteins, Test Kits
The Prospective Effect of Allopurinol on the Oxidative Stress Index and Endothelial Dysfunction in Covid-19
- SARS-CoV-2 by the direct cytopathic effect or indirectly through the propagation of pro-inflammatory cytokines could cause endothelial dysfunction (ED) and Bio Med Frontiers oxidative stress (OS).
- It has been reported that OS is triggered by various types of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Into the bargain, allopurinol is regarded as a potent antioxidant that acts through inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO), which is an essential enzyme of purine metabolism.
- Herein, the present study aimed to find the potential protective effects of allopurinol on the biomarkers of OS and ED in patients with severe Covid-19. This single-centre cohort study recruited 39 patients with mild-moderate Covid-19 compared with 41 patients with severe Covid-19.
- Nineteen patients with severe Covid-19 were on the allopurinol treatment because of underlying chronic gout 3 years ago compared with 22 Covid-19 patients not on this treatment. The recruited patients were allocated into three groups: group I, mild-moderate Covid-19 on the standard therapy (n = 39); group II, severe Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy only (n = 22); and group III, severe Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy plus allopurinol (n = 19).
- The duration of the study was 3 weeks from the time of hospitalization till the time of recovery. In addition, inflammatory biomarkers (D-dimer, LDH, ferritin, CRP, procalcitonin), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), endothelin-1 (ET-1), uric acid and oxidative stress index (OSI), CT scan score, and clinical score were evaluated at the time of admission and discharge regarding the effect of allopurinol treatment adds to the standard treatment of Covid-19.
- Allopurinol plus standard treatment reduced LDH, ferritin, CRP, procalcitonin, and ET-1 serum level significantly (P < 0.05) compared with Covid-19 patients on standard treatment.
- Besides, neutrophil (%), lymphocyte (%), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were reduced in patients with severe Covid-19 on standard treatment plus allopurinol compared with Covid-19 patients on standard treatment alone (P < 0.01). OSI was higher in patients with severe Covid-19 than mild-moderate Covid-19 patients (P = 0.00001) at admission.
- At the time of discharge, the oxidative status of Covid-19 patients was significantly improved compared with that at admission (P = 0.01). In conclusion, Covid-19 severity is linked with high OS and inflammatory reaction with ED development.
- High uric acid in patients with severe Covid-19 is correlated with high OS and inflammatory biomarkers. Allopurinol with standard treatment in patients with severe Covid-19 reduced oxidative and inflammatory disorders with significant amelioration of ED and clinical outcomes.
Accumulation, Chronicity, and Induction of Oxidative Stress Regulating Genes Through Allium cepa L. Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles in Freshwater Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- Green evolutionary products Learn more about such as biologically fabricated nanoparticles (NPs) pose a hazard to aquatic creatures. Herein, biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by the reaction between ionic silver (AgNO3) and aqueous onion peel extract (Allium cepa L).
- The synthesized biogenic AgNPs were characterized with UV-Visible spectrophotometer, XRD, FT-IR, and TEM with EDS analysis; then, their toxicity was assessed on common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) using biomarkers of haematological alterations, oxidative stress, histological changes, differential gene expression patterns, and bioaccumulation.
- The 96 h lethal toxicity was analysed with various concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/l) of biogenic AgNPs. Based on 96 h LC50, sublethal concentrations (1/15th, 1/10th, and 1/5th) were given to C. carpio for 28 days. At the end of experiment, the bioaccumulations of Ag content were accumulated mainly in the gills, followed by the liver and muscle.
- At an interval of 7 days, the haematological alterations showed significance (p < 0.05) and elevation of antioxidant defence mechanism reveals the toxicity of biogenic synthesized AgNPs. Adverse effects on oxidative stress were probably related to the histopathological damage of its vital organs like gill, liver, and muscle.
- Finally, the fish treated with biogenic synthesized AgNPs were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulates the oxidative stress genes such as Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx1a, GST-α, CYP1A, and Nrf-2 expression patterns. The present study provides evidence of biogenic synthesized AgNPs influence on the aquatic life through induction of oxidative stress.
Impact of the Vegan Diet on Sperm Quality and Sperm Oxidative Stress Values: A Preliminary Study
Insufficient nutrition and inappropriate diet have been related to many diseases. Although the literature confirms the hypothesis that particular nutritional factors can influence the quality of semen, until today, there are no specific dietary recommendations created for infertile males.
Since the male contribution to the fertility of a couple is crucial, it is of high importance to determine the dietary factors that can affect male fertility.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate differences in sperm quality parameters, sperm oxidative stress values and sperm acrosome reaction between vegan diet consumers and non-vegans.
Prospective study in a University Medical School.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the sperm quality parameters of vegan diet consumers (10 males who had a strictly vegetable diet with no animal products) and compare them with non-vegans (10 males with no diet restrictions).
Semen quality was assessed following the World Health Organization (2010) criteria. Acrosome and DNA integrity has been evaluated using the immunofluorescence technique.
All variables were analysed by IBM SPSS version 24. Mean differences among groups were compared by Mann-Whitney U-test.
Obtained results showed that total sperm count (224.7 [117-369] vs. 119.7 [64.8-442.8]; P = 0.011) and the percentage of rapid progressively motile sperm were significantly higher in the vegan group compared with the non-vegan group (1 [0-7] vs. 17.5 [15-30]; P < 0.0001).
Furthermore, the oxidation-reduction potential (0.4 [0.3-0.9] vs. 1.5 [0.6-2.8]; P < 0.0001) and the proportion of spermatozoon with DNA damage (14.7 [7-33.5] vs. 8.2 [3-19.5]; P = 0.05) were significantly higher in the non-vegan group in comparison to the vegan group.
Results obtained in this study provide additional evidence about the favourable effect of a plant-based diet on sperm parameters. To confirm our preliminary findings, further studies including larger cohorts are warranted.
Reversal of epigenetic PPARγ suppression by diacerein alleviates oxidative stress and osteoarthritis in mice.
The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by oxidative stress (OS) and sustained inflammation that are substantially associated with epigenetic DNA methylation alterations of osteogenic gene expression.
Diacerein as an anthraquinone anti-OA drug exhibits multiple chondroprotective properties,
but less clarified pharmacological actions.
but less clarified pharmacological actions.
Since anthraquinone contain epigenetic modulating property, in this study we investigate whether the anti-OA functions of diacerein involve DNA methylation modulation and antioxidant signaling.
OA mice incurred by DMM (destabilization of medial meniscus) exhibited marked suppression of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma), a chondroprotective transcription factor with anti-inflammation and OS-balancing properties, aberrant upregulations of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1/3a and PPARγ promoter hypermethylation in knee joint cartilage.
Diacerein treatment mitigated the cartilage damage and significantly inhibited the DNMT1/3a upregulations, the PPARγ promoter hypermethylation and the PPARγ loss, and effectively corrected the adverse expression of antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory cytokines.
In cultured chondrocytes, diacerein reduced the IL-1β-induced PPARγ suppression and the abnormal expression of its downstream antioxidant enzymes in a gain of DNMT and PPARγ inhibition-sensitive manner, and in PPARγ knockout mice, the anti-OA effects of diacerein were significantly reduced.
Thiol Oxidative Stress Assay |
|||
1021 | Ethos Biosciences | 1 kit | 460.8 EUR |
OSR1 (Oxidative Stress Responsive 1) |
|||
MBS616581-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 660 EUR |
OSR1 (Oxidative Stress Responsive 1) |
|||
MBS616581-5x01mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mL | 2810 EUR |
Rat Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
|||
ROSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
|||
HOSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
|||
MOSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
TBARS/Malondialdehyde Oxidative Stress Assay |
|||
1020 | Ethos Biosciences | 1 kit | 373.2 EUR |
Oxidative Stress Responsive 1 (OXSR1) Antibody |
|||
abx114290-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | 612.5 EUR |
Oxidative Stress Responsive 1 (OXSR1) Antibody |
|||
abx146245-1096tests | Abbexa | 10 × 96 tests | Ask for price |
Oxidative Stress Responsive 1 (OXSR1) Antibody |
|||
abx146245-596tests | Abbexa | 5 × 96 tests | Ask for price |
Oxidative Stress Responsive 1 (OXSR1) Antibody |
|||
abx146245-96tests | Abbexa | 96 tests | 337.5 EUR |
Oxidative Stress Antibodies Set | 5 antibodies |
|||
AS19-4294 | Agrisera AB | each | 1472 EUR |
Oxidative Stress Responsive 1 (OXSR1) Antibody |
|||
abx325277-100g | Abbexa | 100 µg | 250 EUR |
Our work reveals a novel anti-OA pharmacological property of diacerein, and identifies the aberrant DNMT elevations and the resultant PPARγ suppression as an important epigenetic pathway that mediates diacerein’s anti-OA activities.
DNA methylation aberration and the resultant PPARγ suppression contribute significantly to epigenetic OA pathogenesis, and targeting PPARγ suppression via DNA demethylation is an important component of diacersin’s anti-OA functions.